Thursday, June 4, 2009

Free Will

I was listening to Sheikh Hamza Yusuf explain Imam Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi's interpretation of the Fatiha especially the part إِيَّاكَ نَعۡبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسۡتَعِينُ (only you we worship and only you we seek help). Basically we are free to worship Allah but once we worship Allah we seek his help. At that point we lose some of our free will. One of the Sahabba asked Sayidna Ali about free will and he said lift your right leg and keep it in the air. Now try to lift your left leg and the Sahabba said I can't without falling. Sayidna Ali then said free will is somewhere in between So we are somewhere between musair and mukhair (pre destined and free will).

Other verses in the Quran support the absence of 100% free will. Baqarah 6
خَتَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ وَعَلَىٰ سَمۡعِهِمۡ‌ۖ وَعَلَىٰٓ أَبۡصَـٰرِهِمۡ غِشَـٰوَةٌ۬‌ۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ۬
Allah hath sealed their hearing and their hearts, and on their eyes there is a covering. Theirs will be an awful doom

Yassin 7-8
إِنَّا جَعَلۡنَا فِىٓ أَعۡنَـٰقِهِمۡ أَغۡلَـٰلاً۬ فَهِىَ إِلَى ٱلۡأَذۡقَانِ فَهُم مُّقۡمَحُونَ

وَجَعَلۡنَا مِنۢ بَيۡنِ أَيۡدِيہِمۡ سَدًّ۬ا وَمِنۡ خَلۡفِهِمۡ سَدًّ۬ا فَأَغۡشَيۡنَـٰهُمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يُبۡصِرُونَ

Lo! We have put on their necks carcans reaching unto the chins, so that they are made stiff-necked. (8) And We have set a bar before them and a bar behind them, and (thus) have covered them so that they see not.

The Quran essentially says for the unbelievers, if you persist in disbelief we will create a path for you to continue in Kufr, so they lose some of their free will. This is only after they persist in disbelief.

The same goes for the believers for Allah choses who he guides.

Of course this a simplified explanation and I am in no way an expert on this.

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